Supports are those restraints which rigidly resist only the downward movement of the pipe, with the point of attachment below the pipe, that is, either with the pipe resting on a structure, or with an intervening saddle or trunnion. Typical supports are shown in Figure 3-99. These are coded in CAESAR II as +Y restraints, indicating that the restraint acts in the +Y direction against the pipe. Under certain circumstances, it may be desirable to model the trunnion or saddle with a rigid construction element (in order to consider the offset of the friction load, for example). Since the pipe slides against the structure, friction should be modeled (unless a roller, as in Figure 3-99f, or a teflon slide pad, is used).
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